French Defense: Steinitz Variation (C11)

The Steinitz Variation is a variation of the French Defense, catalogued as ECO C11. The line runs 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. e5 Nfd7 5. f4 c5 6. dxc5 Nc6, reaching the position shown below after 12 half-moves.

Both sides have pawns in the centre (White on e5, Black on d5). Development is level at one minor pieces each, and White is up a pawn of material. It is White to move after six moves. White has doubled pawns on the c-file.

On the French Defense generally: A solid defense where Black builds a strong pawn chain. Leads to strategic middlegames with clear plans.

You can play through this variation move by move in your browser — Learn mode walks the line with an explanation at each step, and Drill mode replays it from memory so you find out whether you actually know it. No account is required.

French Defense: Steinitz Variation — position after Nc6 h1g2f3e4d5c6b7a8
Position after 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. e5 Nfd7 5. f4 c5 6. dxc5 Nc6

Move order

#WhiteBlack
1e4e6
2d4d5
3Nc3Nf6
4e5Nfd7
5f4c5
6dxc5Nc6

ECO: C11

Stockfish: -0.10 at depth 18

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Position characteristics

Related French Defense lines

Frequently asked questions

What are the moves of the Steinitz Variation?

The Steinitz Variation goes 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. e5 Nfd7 5. f4 c5 6. dxc5 Nc6. It is a variation of the French Defense and is catalogued as ECO C11.

What is the ECO code for the Steinitz Variation?

The Steinitz Variation is ECO C11. ECO codes group openings by their move order, so nearby codes cover closely related lines of the French Defense.

Is the Steinitz Variation good for Black?

Stockfish evaluates the position after 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. e5 Nfd7 5. f4 c5 6. dxc5 Nc6 at -0.10 at depth 18, which is balanced. Engine evaluation is only a starting point — at club level the practical value of a line is mostly about whether you know its plans better than your opponent does.

What kind of position does the Steinitz Variation lead to?

Both sides have pawns in the centre (White on e5, Black on d5). Development is level at one minor pieces each, and White is up a pawn of material. It is White to move. White has doubled pawns on the c-file.