French Defense: Steinitz Variation (C11)

The Steinitz Variation is a variation of the French Defense, catalogued as ECO C11. The line runs 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 a6 4. Nf3 Nf6 5. e5 Nfd7, reaching the position shown below after 10 half-moves.

Both sides have pawns in the centre (White on d4 and e5, Black on d5). Development is level at two minor pieces each. It is White to move after five moves.

On the French Defense generally: A solid defense where Black builds a strong pawn chain. Leads to strategic middlegames with clear plans.

You can play through this variation move by move in your browser — Learn mode walks the line with an explanation at each step, and Drill mode replays it from memory so you find out whether you actually know it. No account is required.

French Defense: Steinitz Variation — position after Nfd7 h1g2f3e4d5c6b7a8
Position after 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 a6 4. Nf3 Nf6 5. e5 Nfd7

Move order

#WhiteBlack
1e4e6
2d4d5
3Nc3a6
4Nf3Nf6
5e5Nfd7

ECO: C11

Stockfish: +0.52 at depth 18

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Position characteristics

Related French Defense lines

Frequently asked questions

What are the moves of the Steinitz Variation?

The Steinitz Variation goes 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 a6 4. Nf3 Nf6 5. e5 Nfd7. It is a variation of the French Defense and is catalogued as ECO C11.

What is the ECO code for the Steinitz Variation?

The Steinitz Variation is ECO C11. ECO codes group openings by their move order, so nearby codes cover closely related lines of the French Defense.

Is the Steinitz Variation good for Black?

Stockfish evaluates the position after 1. e4 e6 2. d4 d5 3. Nc3 a6 4. Nf3 Nf6 5. e5 Nfd7 at +0.52 at depth 18, which is a slight pull for White, within normal opening margins. Engine evaluation is only a starting point — at club level the practical value of a line is mostly about whether you know its plans better than your opponent does.

What kind of position does the Steinitz Variation lead to?

Both sides have pawns in the centre (White on d4 and e5, Black on d5). Development is level at two minor pieces each. It is White to move.