Ruy Lopez: Open, Classical Defense, Main Line (C83)

The Open, Classical Defense, Main Line is a variation of the Ruy Lopez, catalogued as ECO C83. The line runs 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 Be7 7. Re1 b5 8. Bb3 d5 9. dxe5 Be6 10. c3, reaching the position shown below after 19 half-moves.

Both sides have pawns in the centre (White on e5, Black on d5). Black is ahead in development, with four minor pieces out to White's two. It is Black to move after ten moves. White has castled while Black’s king is still uncommitted.

On the Ruy Lopez generally: One of the oldest and most classical openings. White develops rapidly and puts pressure on Black's center.

You can play through this variation move by move in your browser — Learn mode walks the line with an explanation at each step, and Drill mode replays it from memory so you find out whether you actually know it. No account is required.

Ruy Lopez: Open, Classical Defense, Main Line — position after c3 a8b7c6d5e4f3g2h1
Position after 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 Be7 7. Re1 b5 8. Bb3 d5 9. dxe5 Be6 10. c3

Move order

#WhiteBlack
1e4e5
2Nf3Nc6
3Bb5a6
4Ba4Nf6
5O-ONxe4
6d4Be7
7Re1b5
8Bb3d5
9dxe5Be6
10c3

ECO: C83

Stockfish: +0.13 at depth 18

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Position characteristics

Related Ruy Lopez lines

Frequently asked questions

What are the moves of the Open, Classical Defense, Main Line?

The Open, Classical Defense, Main Line goes 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 Be7 7. Re1 b5 8. Bb3 d5 9. dxe5 Be6 10. c3. It is a variation of the Ruy Lopez and is catalogued as ECO C83.

What is the ECO code for the Open, Classical Defense, Main Line?

The Open, Classical Defense, Main Line is ECO C83. ECO codes group openings by their move order, so nearby codes cover closely related lines of the Ruy Lopez.

Is the Open, Classical Defense, Main Line good for White?

Stockfish evaluates the position after 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 Be7 7. Re1 b5 8. Bb3 d5 9. dxe5 Be6 10. c3 at +0.13 at depth 18, which is balanced. Engine evaluation is only a starting point — at club level the practical value of a line is mostly about whether you know its plans better than your opponent does.

What kind of position does the Open, Classical Defense, Main Line lead to?

Both sides have pawns in the centre (White on e5, Black on d5). Black is ahead in development, with four minor pieces out to White's two. It is Black to move. White has castled while Black’s king is still uncommitted.