Ruy Lopez: Open, Classical Defense (C83)

The Open, Classical Defense is a variation of the Ruy Lopez, catalogued as ECO C83. The line runs 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. Nbd2 Nc5 10. c3 Be7, reaching the position shown below after 20 half-moves.

Both sides have pawns in the centre (White on e5, Black on d5). Development is level at three minor pieces each. It is White to move after ten moves. White has castled while Black’s king is still uncommitted.

On the Ruy Lopez generally: One of the oldest and most classical openings. White develops rapidly and puts pressure on Black's center.

You can play through this variation move by move in your browser — Learn mode walks the line with an explanation at each step, and Drill mode replays it from memory so you find out whether you actually know it. No account is required.

Ruy Lopez: Open, Classical Defense — position after Be7 h1g2f3e4d5c6b7a8
Position after 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. Nbd2 Nc5 10. c3 Be7

Move order

#WhiteBlack
1e4e5
2Nf3Nc6
3Bb5a6
4Ba4Nf6
5O-ONxe4
6d4b5
7Bb3d5
8dxe5Be6
9Nbd2Nc5
10c3Be7

ECO: C83

Stockfish: +0.38 at depth 18

Practice this line free →

Position characteristics

Related Ruy Lopez lines

Frequently asked questions

What are the moves of the Open, Classical Defense?

The Open, Classical Defense goes 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. Nbd2 Nc5 10. c3 Be7. It is a variation of the Ruy Lopez and is catalogued as ECO C83.

What is the ECO code for the Open, Classical Defense?

The Open, Classical Defense is ECO C83. ECO codes group openings by their move order, so nearby codes cover closely related lines of the Ruy Lopez.

Is the Open, Classical Defense good for Black?

Stockfish evaluates the position after 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Nxe4 6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. Nbd2 Nc5 10. c3 Be7 at +0.38 at depth 18, which is a slight pull for White, within normal opening margins. Engine evaluation is only a starting point — at club level the practical value of a line is mostly about whether you know its plans better than your opponent does.

What kind of position does the Open, Classical Defense lead to?

Both sides have pawns in the centre (White on e5, Black on d5). Development is level at three minor pieces each. It is White to move. White has castled while Black’s king is still uncommitted.